Dual COX/ 5-LOX inhibitory potential and antioxidant activities by extracts isolated from Melia Azedarach L. leaves
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69660/jmpt.v1i1.54Keywords:
Antioxidants, COX, Melia azedarach, Myricetin, HPLC, Rutin, 5-LOXAbstract
This study was aimed at evaluating the dual cyclooxygenase (COX) and 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) enzyme inhibition and antioxidant activity of the crude extract (CE) and various solvent fractions from Melia azedarach leaves. Multiple solvents were used to fractionate the 80% ethanolic extract of the leaves, which was then examined for enzyme inhibitory effectiveness against COX and 5-LOX enzymes. All fractions and CE were examined for antioxidant activity, and phenolic acids and flavonoids were identified using Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC). The ethyl acetate fraction (EaF) had the greatest COX/5-LOX inhibitory impact among tested fractions. In vitro, COX activity studies showed that EaF and butanol fraction (BF) possess a higher COX-2 selectivity index than Indomethacin. Besides, the EaF exhibited the highest reduction potential among the control and the CE when tested for antioxidant activities. These findings support the traditional use of Melia azedarach as an anti-inflammatory drug, as the plant inhibited both COX/5-LOX and COX-2 with high selectivity.
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